Fertilization and soil fertility: how to do it and essential techniques

Find out everything about it now fertilization and soil fertility, how you can do it and what are the essential techniques for it!

Did you know that the health of your soil can be the difference between a bountiful harvest and a total failure? Fertilization and soil fertility are fundamental pillars in modern agriculture. They are essential for the increased productivity and of the crop quality . The Yara Brazil , a leader in the sector, highlights the importance of a fertilization planning efficient.

Use of cutting-edge techniques and digital solutions in agriculture can maximize results. Understanding how to fertilize and knowing the essential techniques can transform your soil management on your property. In this article, we will demystify the processes and present the best practices to ensure soil fertility over time.

See also: Soil erosion: what it is, causes, consequences and how to avoid it

Main points

• Fertilization planning is crucial to maximizing productivity.
• Fertilization techniques should consider soil and leaf analysis.
• The use of digital solutions in agriculture facilitates soil fertility mapping.
• Crop rotation is essential to maintain fertility and promote microbiological diversity.
• Adopting sustainable agricultural practices is vital to the long-term health of the soil.
• Soil analysis should be carried out at a depth of 20-40 cm and repeated every 2 or 3 years.

Fertilization and soil fertility: What is soil fertility?

Soil fertility is an ability to provide essential elements for the plant growth . This affects the productive capacity and the crop quality . Many soils in Brazil are not very fertile, which requires fertilization for agriculture.

A fertile soil should have 16 plant nutrients, including three non-minerals and the rest of the soil. Do the soil chemical analysis is crucial to understanding the soil and choosing the right inputs. This analysis should be done at a depth of 20-40 cm, every 2 or 3 years.

To assess fertility, it is important to look at the plants and perform foliar analyses. These techniques help to see how the plants use nutrients and what they need.

Fertilization is not always effective. Factors such as soil reactivity affect the results. Therefore, it is important to change the fertilizer so that the nutrients are well absorbed.

A study by FAO and Embrapa shows that 30% of the world's soils are degraded. By 2050, there could be more than 10% of agricultural losses. In Brazil, the Cerrado has sandy, acidic and infertile soils.

To improve fertility, techniques of calculation are important. They contain acidity and provide calcium and magnesium. These nutrients are essential for fertile soils and productive.

Using the right practices and maintaining the soil regularly is crucial. This includes chemical testing and paying attention to the needs of the crops. This way, it is possible to maintain the productive capacity and the fertile soils healthy.

Types of fertilization: organic, mineral and organomineral

In Brazil, approximately 70% of the territory is covered by Latosols, Argisols and Neossolos. These soils are poor in nutrients. Therefore, fertilization is crucial to increase agricultural productivity. There are three main types of fertilization: organic, mineral and organomineral.

THE organic fertilization uses plant and animal waste, such as dried leaves and manure. It improves the soil, increases organic matter and helps retain water. worm humus is an example of a component used.

You inorganic fertilizers are concentrated and granulated. They do not come into direct contact with the roots. NPK is an example, with different formulations for specific purposes. mineral fertilization It is common because it is fast and has a defined chemical composition.

THE organomineral fertilization organic and mineral mixture. It balances the soil's needs in a sustainable way. The Yara Brazil is a company that offers fertilization solutions in this area.

One correct fertilization is very important. It helps plants grow better, increases productivity and improves product quality. It also protects plants from pests and diseases. Planning should consider soil analysis, plant needs and climate conditions.

Fertilization and soil fertility: The importance of soil analysis

Soil analysis is very important in agriculture. It shows the nutrients and characteristics of the soil. With this data, it is easy to know which nutrients are lacking and how to correct them.

This helps to fertilize correctly, avoiding excessive use of fertilizers. interpretation of soil analysis shows what needs to be done to improve the soil.

There are two types of soil analysis: granulometric and chemical. Chemical analysis of plant tissue helps to better understand the soil. It can show whether the soil is lacking potassium or if the pH is too acidic.

After the analysis, it is possible to know which correctives and fertilizers are necessary. This varies according to the soil and the crop. Technical recommendations are very important for choosing the right inputs.

Below, we present some important data on soil analysis, which reinforce its importance in agricultural management and optimization of input use .

Invest in agricultural management techniques and soil analysis is essential. This ensures sustainable use of resources. Soil analysis is essential for any farmer who wants to improve productivity and care for the environment.

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Phytotherapy mapping

Fertility mapping is crucial for a precision agriculture . It helps in agricultural management and planning . Using advanced technologies, we collect soil data. This creates detailed maps of nutrients in different areas.

One spatial analysis These maps show nutrient levels. This helps to optimize production. It is important to compare with productivity maps to better understand the soil and the crop.

This process is essential for a agricultural management and planning effective.

Fertility maps are powerful tools in precision agriculture . They reduced the application of inputs and increased productivity. With them, you can optimize resources and improve field results.

Fertilization and soil fertility

Fertilization is very important to keep the soil fertilized. This helps plants grow well and produce more. To improve the agriculture optimization , it is necessary to understand the physical, chemical and biological aspects of the soil. These factors affect the amount of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are essential for plants.

It is crucial to provide nutrients in a balanced way. Yara Brazil offers solutions that help to fertilize effectively and sustainably.

There are several types of soil fertility, such as natural and potential. It is important to carry out analyses to understand the soil health and how to improve. This includes chemical, physical and biological tests.

In Brazil, many agricultural areas have problems such as erosion and lack of nutrients. Using technologies such as sensors can help monitor soil fertility.

Below, a table shows the importance of nutrients for soil fertility:

Managing fertilization and soil fertility well is essential. This not only increases productivity, but also helps maintain sustainable agriculture for longer.

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Physical analysis of soil

Physical soil analysis is very important to understand how the soil is made, its strength and how it stores water and nutrients. It helps to know if the soil is good for planting. This shows the texture, structure and how porous it is.

It is a good idea to do this analysis before planting. This will give you time to correct the soil, such as adding lime or fertilizers. It is important to collect samples from the entire plot of land, dividing it into equal areas.

Soil texture is very important. It depends on how much sand, silt and clay the soil contains. Samples should be collected at different depths depending on the type of planting.

To know if the only calculation accuracy and I need to analyze the percentage of clay and the calcium and magnesium content. It is also important to know the cation exchange capacity of the soil.

To better understand the soil, also look at the history of the land and what the plant needs. This helps to take better care of the soil, ensuring good results in agriculture. The results must be interpreted by specialists, such as agricultural engineers.

Fertilization and soil fertility: Acidity correction technique

Acidity in the soil can limit nutrient availability and crop quality . The liming , which adds limestone to the soil, is effective in correcting acidity. This improves soil structure and increases nutrient availability, creating better conditions for crops.

To correct the soil, it is crucial to follow technical analyses and recommendations. This helps to reduce soil acidity , making nutrients more available. The correction area mapping technique uses maps to identify areas that require correction, considering pH, exchangeable aluminum and other factors.

There are several types of correctives, such as limestone and agricultural quicklime. liming is an effective technique to improve nutrient absorption. The Yara Brazil offers innovative solutions to address soil acidity, helping farmers achieve better results.

One calculation done well can increase the useful life of the sugarcane field by up to one cut. Around 40 to 50 million hectares in Brazil need acidity correction. reduction meets this demand efficiently and economically, improving productivity.

Adopt the liming as an agricultural management practice is essential. This helps to reduce soil acidity , improve nutrient absorption and ensure planting quality .

Fertilizer application

The application of fertilizers is very important for the adequate fertilization and plant nutrition . To use fertilizers well, it is crucial to perform soil analysis. Collecting soil samples in a zigzag pattern, from 0 cm to 20 cm deep, is essential. It is also important to collect 20 samples from 20 cm to 40 cm deep for perennial crops.

A plan of balanced fertilization Considering the ideal amount and type of fertilizer is essential. There are 16 essential nutrients for plant development. These include Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K), among others. The critical level of an element in the soil is when the plant does not respond well to fertilization.

Fertilization types vary according to the needs of the crop and the soil. Base fertilization involves applying fertilizers in deep holes or furrows before planting. Topdressing is applied to the soil surface or in shallow furrows after planting. Fertilizers such as single and triple superphosphate, MAP, DAP, potassium chloride and organominerals are used in these practices.

According to Yara Brasil, using fertilizers efficiently helps to reposition nutrients and avoid nutritional imbalances. Techniques such as direct planting and green manure are also important. They help to maintain soil moisture and add organic matter.

Fertilization and soil fertility: Irrigation techniques

Transparency techniques are essential to keep the soil moist. They prevent salinization, which is important in areas with high evaporation. There are several ways to irrigate, such as honesty by furrows , honesty by sprinkling , micro-sprinkling and drip honesty . Each method has its own characteristics and should be chosen according to the needs of the plants and water conservation.

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In the Lower Middle of the São Francisco Valley, the localized security It is widely used for grapevines. In clay soils, this technique helps to absorb more water. For grapevines cv. Itália in Petrolina, PE, water efficiency varies from 0.56 to 1.15, showing the importance of the technique.

Using these techniques correctly helps to save water and better manage water resources. Fertigation is an example of saving water by mixing fertilizers and water effectively. This reduces waste and improves water quality. fertility and nutrition of the soil, promoting healthy plant growth.

Written by Andre Neri

I am a member of the AgropecNews team and I produce content about agriculture, livestock, agricultural technology, and the agricultural market. My goal is to share relevant and up-to-date information to help producers, professionals, and enthusiasts stay informed about the agricultural sector.

Updated on August 27, 2024